Legal and professional issue

Question : Examine about the Legal and Professional Issue ? Answer : Presentation For this situation, an endeavor is made to break down the lawful and expert issues identified with different contextual investigations. The cases are tackled in the wake of alluding to the suitable legitimate assets. The end for each situation study is reached in the wake of reflecting and basically breaking down the legitimate issue that have been distinguished. Issue For this situation, it tends to be seen that the Mr. B is at death's door and is on substantial drug. Mr. B has built up a weight region so specialists changed his situation in like clockwork. He found the procedure exceptionally difficult and mentioned the specialist to cease the activity. Be that as it may, the expert responsible for Mr. B dismissed his solicitation and proceeded with the way toward repositioning at regular intervals. The issue for this situation is to find out whether the solicitation of the patient or the counsel of the expert ought to be followed. Laws and Informations The Code of Ethics and Professional direct in Value Statement 1 gives that Respect customers singular needs. It expresses that attendant ought to furnish care that is as per the qualities and requirements of the customer. The worth explanation 2 of the code of morals and expert lead accommodates Respect and advance customers self-rule. This implies the customer ought to reserve the privilege to decide the treatment and medical caretakers ought to give fundamental data that is important to settle on educated choice. The worth proclamation 7 gives that Advocate the wellbeing of the customer. This implies the medical attendant will advance the enthusiasm of the customer (Arnold Boggs, 2015). Application The previously mentioned esteem articulation requires the attendants should help customer in dynamic. According to the Value Statement 1, the Mr. B ought to be permitted to communicate the individual needs and qualities. These requirements ought to be considered while getting ready for ideal consideration for Mr. B. The worth explanation 2 necessitates that medical attendants ought to educate Mr. B about different nursing caring choices that are accessible. Mr. B ought to be given important data with the goal that he can settle on educated choice. It ought to be noticed that the worth explanation 2 obviously gives that on the off chance that a customer settles on an educated choice with respect to tolerating or rejecting treatment, at that point it ought to be acknowledged. In any case, it is additionally given that on the off chance that they can't conform to the solicitation of the customer for giving elective medicines. At that point suitable consideration ought to be given to Mr. B until elective courses of action are made (Griffith Tengnah, 2014). In light of the above conversation it tends to be finished up the choice of Mr. B ought to be regarded and an elective treatment ought to be thought. In any case, until the elective treatment is given fitting consideration ought to be taken. For this situation, quiet C was a bookkeeper and sole bed eared of the family. She had a cardiovascular beat issue and was admitted to the emergency clinic. There wasn't right organization of medication and subsequently, she endured heart failure. The issue for this situation is to discover the obligation of the carelessness. The Value Statement 5 expresses that give care in a mindful and responsible way. This implies it is the duty of the medical caretaker to guarantee that the customer gets powerful, safe sand moral human services (Johnstone, 2015). The worth proclamation 5 makes it compulsory for a medical caretaker to defend the enthusiasm of the customer from inept. Unlawful and untrustworthy practices. It is the obligation of the medical caretaker to guarantee that the wellbeing and security of the customer isn't undermined because of the oversight or commission in the nursing action. For this situation, Patient C endured heart failure because of exclusion and commission of nursing action of ED and RNZ. Thus, the worth explanation gives that fitting authority ought to be educated about the occasion that jeopardizes the wellbeing and security of the customer (Ellis, 2016). In view of the above conversation it tends to be reasoned that because of oversight or commission of nursing movement the Patient C has endured heart failure. Accordingly, suitable specialists ought to be educated with the goal that they can make fitting move against ED and RNZ. For this situation, controlled medicine is disappearing is trading off the consideration of the patient. There is proof that the medical caretaker M is engaged with this occasion. Be that as it may, she has denied the claims. For this situation, the issue is to find out whether the issue ought to be taken up to the senior administration. The Value Statement 9 gives that Maintain a training situation that is helpful for the arrangement of moral conduct. The medical attendants is required to team up with the human services partners so as to keep up a moral culture in the workplace. This is accomplished through common trust and regard on the ability of the other (Burkhardt Nathaniel, 2013). The worth proclamation 10 gives that Promote the callings moral norms and keep up open trust in the nursing calling. This announcement necessitates that medical caretakers ought to keep up elevated requirement of moral conduct in the calling. It is important to keep up the fundamental trust and confidence in the calling. The worth articulation 5 accommodates Provide care in a dependable and responsible way. It is the obligation of the medical caretaker to guarantee that the customer gets a successful, sheltered and moral medicinal services (Carney, 2016). The medical attendants ought to have regard for every others esteems and they ought to team up with others to give the moral human services. They ought to have the fitting information to determine the issues identified with moral conduct. For this situation, a controlled medicine is disappearing thus the patients care is undermined. The obligation of the medical attendant incorporates protecting the enthusiasm of the customer against inept, exploitative and illicit practices. For this situation, the activity of attendant M is against the moral measures and it makes the training condition unscrupulous. In this manner, fitting specialists ought to be educated about the occasion missing medication and that nurture m is associated with proficient unfortunate behavior (Ramanathan Fisher, 2016). The demonstration of exclusion or commission that is against the adequate principles for moral practice for nursing and expert conduct is characterized as Professional offense (Hood, 2013). The medical caretakers ought to be considered liable for the activities: That hurts the customer, The expert connection with the customer is manhandled and That carries terrible notoriety to the calling, For this situation, the medical attendants may confront disciplinary activities started by the Singapore Nursing Board. In view of the above conversation it very well may be inferred that the Nurse M has abused Value explanation 5, 9 and 10. In this way, fitting specialists ought to be educated with the goal that disciplinary moves can be made against nurture M. For this situation, Mr. D had a chest agony and his child conceded him. He was unsettled when specialist began the treatment and needed to return home. The issue here is to find out the important advances that ought to be taken to guarantee that the treatment is taken by the patient. The Value proclamation 1 requires Respect customers singular qualities and necessities. This announcement gives that the customer ought to be effectively associated with giving the medicinal services administrations. The worth articulation 2 expresses that Respect and advance customers self-sufficiency. This implies the customer has the option to decide the consideration required dependent on the informations gave (Howatson-Jones et al., 2015). Application The utilization of the worth proclamation states medical caretaker ought to illuminate the customer about the nursing care choices that are accessible. They ought to give all the essential data with the goal that the customer can settle on proper choice (Krishna Menon, 2014). The educated choice regarding the customer ought to be regarded and when the customer can't settle on an educated choice, they ought to work together with different individuals in the clinical group to give a clinical treatment. For this situation, Mr. D isn't eager to take treatment however he has been analyzed of having infract (Ptalo Kyngs, 2016). The educated choice regarding the customer ought to be regarded yet for this situation, the Mr. D has gotten fomented and isn't taking settling on an educated choice. It is the obligation of the attendants to give the best treatment to the customer. They should attempt to convince the customer about the treatment in the in the interim elective treatment ought to be given with the goal that the circumstance isn't exasperated (Edmonson et al., 2017). End In view of the above conversation it tends to be reasoned that Mr. D isn't settling on educated choices so the medical attendants should attempt to convince him to take the treatment. The conversation above shoes that the nursing and clinical calling is carefully guided by moral and expert conduct. The outcome on different cases have been reached by applying the arrangement of the worth proclamations. Reference Arnold, E. C., Boggs, K. U. (2015).Interpersonal connections: Professional relational abilities for medical caretakers. Elsevier Health Sciences. Burkhardt, M. A., Nathaniel, A. (2013).Ethics and issues in contemporary nursing. Cengage Learning. Carney, M. (2016). Guideline of cutting edge nurture practice: its reality and administrative measurements from a global perspective.Journal of nursing management,24(1), 105-114. Edmonson, C., McCarthy, C., Trent-Adams, S., McCain, C., Marshall, J. (2017). Rising Global Health Issues: A Nurse's Role.Online Journal of Issues in Nursing,22(1). Ellis, P. (2016).Evidence-based practice in nursing. Learning Matters. Griffith, R., Tengnah, C. (2014).Law and proficient issues in nursing. Learning Matters. Hood, L. (2013).Leddy Pepper's calculated bases of expert nursing. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Howatson-Jones, L., Standing, M., Roberts, S. (2015).Patient appraisal and care arranging in nursing. Learning Matters. Johnstone, M. J. (2015).Bioethics: a nursing point of view. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Isaacson free essay sample

A great many people would characterize a decent instructor as somebody who causes understudies to exceed expectations scholastically and excel on tests. I accept an extraordinary educator is somebody who has numerous measurements, an instructor who makes their understudies need to go to class and hear what they need to state. Mr. Isaacson was that educator for me. He showed Language Arts and Literature. He had a manner about him, dissimilar to any educator I have ever had. He was tall with a long dim goatee and he had an uncovered head that would shimmer in the lights from the room when he would address. I would never determine what he was thinking on the grounds that about his grave and centered face. Mr. Isaacson was brimming with mockery, counsel about the world and how it ought to be lived, and how a basic novel can mean substantially more than its basic synopsis. Before my participation in his group, he additionally showed my three sisters. We will compose a custom article test on Isaacson or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Every one of my sisters revealed to me the amount they cherished Mr. Isaacson and what an extraordinary instructor he was. The primary day I strolled into his group during my lesser year, I was confounded about what the serious deal was. From my initial introduction, he appeared to be dull and monotone. I would never think about what he was thinking in light of the fact that about his undeniable glare when sitting at his work area, however when he opened his mouth and beginning discussing writing, I could see him wake up. He had an alleviating and expressive voice. All that he would state sounded fascinating and intriguing. Another book was appointed each month; at that point he would scrutinize all understudies on content. A great many people didn't peruse the books, particularly senior year, and he knew about it. This is the point at which he would offer his clever remarks and wry proclamations when examining understudies regarding the book. His most well known line was, â€Å"B.S to success.† Even however he knew nobody read the book, he would at present let us answer his inquiries regardless of whether it was totally off-base. At the point when somebody was finished responding to an inquiry mistakenly, he would state, â€Å"Man, that would be truly cool on the off chance that it did happen.†, Then he would snicker at his joke regardless of whether it was not entertaining. Mr. Isaaccson had the option to make any circumstance, book, or issue be a snag an individual needed to confront and to gain from it to better one’s self. Mr. Isaacson had the option to take a solitary talk and cause it to identify with our own lives, convictions, and issues. Throughout the years I learned in addition to the fact that he was a creator and a legal advisor, however by one way or another he accidently turned into a Rabbi for the U.S. Naval force and was not even Jewish. He had the option to make something so unusual like that and some way or another pass on it back to writing or other beneficial encounters. One of my preferred things I gained from him was the idea of existentialism. I was so captivated with the thoughts and convictions of the way of thinking due to the manner in which he would depict and associate it to reality. Mr. Isaacson’s class to me was in excess of an English class, however all the more a real existence exercise. With regards to books, Mr. Isaacson knew it all there was to think about them. Despite the fact that it was his business to realize it didn't appear it. Writing was his obsession and side interest. He even composed his own novel dependent on a sentiment. Each understudy was amazed to get some answers concerning his book since he didn't appear the sentimental kind. Books like The Great Gatsby, My Name is Asher Lev, and 1984 were among his top choices and before long turned into mine too. Each book we read, he by one way or another had the option to relate it to today’s culture and desires. I adapted never to adjust to society’s gauges and set out to be diverse all due to Henry David Thoreau’s book Walden. The manner in which he clarified the book in a more profound importance made all understudies consider how we could relate it to our own lives. Books to him were words on paper, however something he believed he needed to share his affection and gratefulness for t o more youthful ages, so we also could appreciate the message and the characters the same amount of has he did. This is actually what he accomplished for a significant number of my schoolmates and me. During the time Mr. Isaacson turned out to be to a greater extent a good example than an educator. I could go up to him for anything and not be judged. He died on September 29, 2016. Despite the fact that his time on earth was stopped, he left a colossal heritage. Mr. Isaacson affected such a significant number of understudies to turn out to be better journalists, perusers, and people. It is exceptionally difficult to experience instructors like him; this is the reason I can value all that he showed me and the various understudies who had the pleasure of having him as their educator. Mr. Isaacson will everlastingly and consistently be that one educator who transformed me as an understudy and individual.

What is an RSS Feed and Why Should I Have One for This Blog COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

What is an RSS Feed and Why Should I Have One for This Blog COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The Internet has become a daily staple for most applicants to SIPA and obtaining pertinent information about our program and available financial aid is something that is best done on a consistent basis. RSS, or Really Simple Syndication, is an easy and convenient way to have news and information delivered to you without having to repeat searches over and over every time you want to look for new news. RSS feeds are most commonly used through either an RSS reader or through a news feed that provides new information to you in the form of email. RSS readers are free and many email providers (such as Google’s Gmail) build RSS readers into their user interface. All you need to do to receive news as it is updated is to add an RSS enabled Web site to your reader. Each time you visit your RSS reader you will be able to see if new information has been posted. There is no need to visit every site over and over to find out if there is new news or updates. You can subscribe to this blog by both email and through your reader. To subscribe by email simply add your email to the FeedBurner subscription box in the right margin near the top of the page. If you are not familiar with RSS technology the following short YouTube video is a great introduction (length of video, 3:44). Direct YouTube link here.

Two Teachers IVe Had - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 569 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/13 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Two Teachers I’ve had I have met nearly a hundred teachers from kindergarten to college. The role of teacher affects me not less than my parents. They open the window of knowledge and touch my heart with wisdom. The altitude, the knowledge and the love of teachers make me a good person. Unfortunately a few teachers treated me badly in the classroom. There are two teachers from sixth grade who I can not forget in my life because they are totally different in attitude, teaching method and classroom management. The first obvious difference between my six grade’s mathematics and history teachers is attitude. My math teacher favored some rich students who gave her presents. They were also treated as VIP students in the classroom even though they poorly did in exams. She also had a short temper and often shouted at us when she was in a bad mood. In addition, she was very religious to school rules and regulations. We could not accidentally break any rule. Sometimes she added additional inconsiderable rules such as standing for an hour outside of the class for missing homework. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Two Teachers IVe Had" essay for you Create order However the rich students were escaped from her punishments. One of rich students did not do homework but he was just warmed but was not punished. On the contrary, my history teacher treated us fairly and was friendly. She followed school rules and regulations and understood and helped students depending on the situation. She was such a flexible teacher. The second difference between my sixth grade teachers is teaching method. The math teacher used the teacher-centered teaching method. She put in her favorite lessons and did not ask what we wanted to know as study. She never explained any lesson again and told students who requested to explain â€Å"lazy students†. There were few activities in the classroom. Therefore the class was boring and full of lectures. On the other hand, the history teacher used the student-centered teaching method. Therefore there were topics that we wanted to know in the curriculum. On the first week, she asked us what we wanted to study related to the content. She was too patient to explain a lesson repeatedly until we all understood it. There were lots of fun and activities in the class. We were so happy to study with her. The last difference between them is classroom management. In my high school, students had to go to different classrooms for different subjects. The math classroom arrangement was not very good. Tables and chairs were out of line and other furniture was not very clean. If we argued about a topic, she could not stop the argumentation as it took long. Sometimes I felt I was wasting my time in her class. She usually started the class by talking nonsense such as her personal things and other teachers. On the contrary, the history classroom arrangement was tidy and colorful. She taught us how to argue and discuss well. She usually started the class by reviewing the previous lesson. As a fact, we could connect the previous and the following lessons. In conclusion, these two teachers influenced me much due to their very obvious differences. I felt I was a victim in my mathematics classroom while I was so happy in my history classroom. However I am grateful to them because I became an educated person due to them. I would be nobody without them.

Importance Modern American History Free Essay Example, 1500 words

The article by Harold L. Cole and Lee E Ohanian also describe how these codes of conduct brought about distortion in the economy by increasing the prices and wages, restricting output and eventually reducing the capacity of production. Though the increased wages did benefit the fortunate few who had jobs in NIRA companies, in the bigger picture it shrunk employment and productive initiatives because the costs in the form of high wages exceeded the growth in productivity. Their article is important as it sheds light on how certain reforms or policies can have a negative effect on a country s economy Carlos Gibson in his article on American Regionalism and the United Nations explains to us about the Monroe Doctrine stating that it was at first a unilateral policy of the United States that was initiated to safeguard America from European encroachment such as Great Britain and France. The Monroe Doctrine upheld the values of freedom, democracy, and peace that reflected the progress of humankind. However, as times changed the Monroe Doctrine held different meanings for different people. Both Great Britain and France were on a campaign to gain economic control over the poorer nations by lending them money with the knowledge that they would not be able to pay it back. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance Modern American History or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Neighborhood Watch Free Essays

The theory of Opportunity-Reduction supports Neighborhood Watch program. This theory assumes that the initiative of potential crime victims or the citizens could help reducing the risk of criminals’ attack (Kilpatrick, 2004). The Opportunity-Reduction model involves four categories such as (1) increasing perceived effort, (2) increasing perceived risks, (3) reducing anticipated rewards, and (4) inducing guilt or shame (or removing excuses, Clarke, 1997) (Clarke and Homel, 1997). We will write a custom essay sample on Neighborhood Watch or any similar topic only for you Order Now The last category which is inducing guilt or shame was eventually omitted in the work of Wortley (2002) since the strategies under this category do not involve the reduction of criminal’s opportunity to attack but rather it encourages and gives the offender more chances of doing illegal actions (Wortley, 1997, 1998). Instead of inducing guilt or shame, Wortley replaces it with precipitation-control. Accordingly, this can be more effective in reducing permissibility for potential offenders or criminals. Wortley (2002) also adds another category which is increasing anticipated punishments which is based on the learning theory that views anticipated rewards can reduce crimes. This is an effective mean of overcoming crime problems and it is also applicable in real prison management (Severson, 2004). Opportunity-Reduction approach also supports Neighborhood Watch programs through crime prevention and self-defense training courses available for community police and citizens as well as focusing on quality of life by citizen participation   (Kilpatrick, 2004; Whittemore, 1989; Baker, Wolfer, Zezza, 1999). The Canterchase residents should be able to create partnerships, support and collaborate with each other. They need to communicate effectively by reporting or sharing information, use security or warning devices, use detectors or watchdogs. They must also apply problem-oriented policing in order to discuss the nature of problems, assign citizens in taking their responsibilities on crime reduction and solving crime-related problems. Techniques like the SARA or scanning, analysis, response, and assessment (Baker, Wolfer, Zezza, 1999; Wolfer, Zezza, 2001) are useful in community policing and crime prevention. References Baker, T. E., Wolfer, L., Zezza, R. (1999) â€Å"Problem-Solving Policing Eliminating Hot Spots.† The FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin 68(11). Clarke, R. V. (ed.) (1997) Situational Crime Prevention: Successful Case Studies 2nd ed. Albany, NY: Harrow Heston. Kilpatrick, D. G. (2004) Interpersonal Violence and Public Policy: What about the Victims?. Journal of Law, Medicine Ethics 32(1), 73+. Whittemore, L. S. (1989) Appendix C the Success of Community Crime Prevention. Canadian Journal of Criminology 31(4), 489. Wortley, R. (1997) Reconsidering the role of opportunity in situational crime prevention. In G. Newman, R. V. Clarke and S. G. Shohan (eds.), Rational Choice and Situational Crime Prevention, Aldershot, Ashgate Publishing, pp. 65–82. Wortley, R. (1998) A two-stage model of situational crime prevention. Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention 7, pp. 173–88. Wortley, R. (2002) Situational Prison Control: Crime Prevention in Correctional Institutions. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.    How to cite Neighborhood Watch, Essay examples

Gay Marriage Essay Research Paper Homosexuals should free essay sample

Gay Marriage Essay, Research Paper Homosexuals should be allowed to get married because the disallowance of it violates their constitutional rights. Marriage is an establishment long recognized by our authorities under the right to prosecute felicity, and denying that right to any twosome, irrespective of gender, is unconstitutional. This statement, though, is non disputed. In fact, none of the statements raised in resistance to the allowance of homosexual matrimonies takes into history the constitutional rights afforded to all worlds. The statements are merely in relation to the possible reverberations ( existent or imagined ) of allowing these rights. Our state was built and has ever been based on the cardinal rules of freedom expressed in the Declaration of Independence and through our Constitution. The oppositions of homosexual matrimony demand to retrieve what freedom means to America, and understand the significance of puting a case in point that denies that freedom. The Supreme Court has long recognized that the establishment of matrimony is one of the rights guaranteed to all Americans by our Fundamental law. Baning same-sex matrimony is prejudiced. Marriage is a basic human right and should non be denied to any single. At assorted times in U.S. history, other minorities have been prevented from get marrieding: African americans, for illustration. Interracial matrimony was besides lawfully prohibited in assorted provinces, until the Supreme Court ruled such prohibitions unconstitutional in 1967 ( ? Should Gay? 31 ) . At this clip, nevertheless, matrimony is merely granted to heterosexual twosomes. Although homophiles live under the same fundamental law, they are non afforded the same rights as straight persons. The grounds presented against the allowance of homosexual matrimony are flimsy, and have nil to make with the constitutional rights that are supposed to be afforded every American. All of the statements against homosexual matrimonies have to make with the reverberations of allowing the constitutional right of matrimony to homophiles, but non with the constitutional rights of homophiles. The statements offered are unusually similar to the statements offered 30 old ages ago against interracial matrimonies. Marriage plays an of import function non merely in people? s experience of day-to-day life but besides in our civilization? s received ideals. Marriage viewed as a cultural ideal is one manner to explicate the strength of the recoil against cheery matrimony. Legally married straight persons would non lose any legal right or material benefit if homosexuals were allowed to acquire lawfully married ( Mohr 22 ) . Then why the dither? There is no moral ground to back up civil brotherhoods and non same- sex matrimony unless one believes that acknowledging homophiles would weaken a critical civil establishment. This was the implicit in statement for the Defense of Marriage Act ( DOMA ) , which implied that leting homophiles to get married constituted an # 8220 ; onslaught # 8221 ; on the bing establishment. The DOMA fundamentally concludes that homophiles are inherently depraved and immoral, leting them to get married would necessarily botch, and defame, the establishment of matrimony ( Sullivan? State? 18 ) . This claim strays from the kingdom of traditional societal policy enters the kingdom of cultural symbols. But symbols af fair: it is chiefly in footings of symbols that people define their lives and have individualities. Marriage viewed as a symbolic event, enacts, institutionalizes, and ritualizes the societal significance of heterosexualism. Part of the attractive force of matrimony for some straight persons, is that it confers position. One of the ways it does this is by separating such people from homophiles. If you remove that cultural position, you farther weaken an already beleaguered establishment ( Sullivan? State? 18 ) . Marriage is the main agencies by which civilization maintains heterosexualism as a societal individuality, and is the societal kernel of heterosexualism. In effect, on the plane of symbols and individualities, if one did non acquire married, one wouldn? T be to the full heterosexual. Using the same statement, if others were allowed to acquire married, one wouldn? T be heterosexual either ( Mohr 22 ) . This analysis explains why our authorities can claim that matrimony by vit amin D efinition is the brotherhood of one adult male and one adult female as hubby and married woman, even though this definition is round, lacks any content, and defines nil. The map of this definition is non to clear up or explicate ; its map is to guarantee heterosexual domination as a cultural signifier. ( Mohr 22 ) Supporting the civil brotherhood while opposing matrimony is an incoherent place, based more on sentiment than on ground, more on bias than rule. Marriage, under any reading of American constitutional jurisprudence, is among the most basic civil rights. # 8220 ; Separate but equal # 8221 ; was a failed and baneful policy with respect to race ; it will be a failed and baneful policy with respect to sexual orientation. The many progresss of recent old ages, the # 8220 ; domestic partnership # 8221 ; Torahs passed in many metropoliss and provinces, the generous bundle of benefits eventually granted in Hawaii, the discovery in Vermont # 8211 ; should non be thrown out. But neither can they be accepted as a solution, as some consecutive progressives and cheery pragmatists seem to desire. In fact, these half-measures, far from sabotaging the instance for complete equality, merely sharpen it. For there are no statements for the civil brotherhood that do non use every bit to marriage. T o back one but non the other, to profess the substance of the affair while keep backing the name and signifier of the relationship, is to prosecute in an act of pure stigmatisation. It risks non merely perpetuating public favoritism against a group of citizens but adding to the cultural balkanization that already pestilences American public life ( Sullivan? State? 18 ) . Particular spiritual statements against same-sex matrimony are justly debated within the churches and faiths themselves. That is non the issue here: there is a separation between church and province in this state. Supporters are merely inquiring that when the authorities gives out civil matrimony licences, those who are homosexuals should be treated like anybody else. Of class, some argue that matrimony is by definition between a adult male and a adult female. But for centuries, matrimony was by definition a contract in which the married woman was her hubby # 8217 ; s legal belongings. And that changed. For centuries, matrimony was by definition between two people of the same race. That besides changed. These things were changed because society recognized that human self-respect is the same whether one is a adult male or a adult female, black or white. No 1 has any more of a pick to be gay than to be black or white or male or female ( Sullivan? Let Gays? 26 ) The affair is finally simple plenty. Gay work forces and adult females are citizens of this state. After two centuries of invisibleness and persecution, they deserve to be recognized as such. A random adult female can get married a multimillionaire on a Fox Television special and the jurisprudence will harmonize that matrimony no less cogency than a womb-to-tomb committedness between Billy Graham and his married woman. The tribunals have upheld an perfectly unrestricted right to get married for defaulter pas, work forces with countless divorces behind them, captives on decease row, even the insane. In all this, we make a differentiation between what spiritual and moral tradition, expect of matrimony and what civil governments require approving it under jurisprudence. It may good be that some spiritual traditions want to continue matrimony for straight persons in order to promote unambiguously heterosexual virtuousnesss. And they may hold good ground to make so. But civil jurisprudenc e asks merely four inquiries before passing out a matrimony licence: Are you an grownup ; are you already married ; are you related to the individual you intend to get married ; and are you directly? It # 8217 ; s that last inquiry that rankles. When civil jurisprudence already permits the delinquent, the divorced, the imprisoned, the sterile, and the insane to get married, it seems uncovering that it draws the line at homophiles ( Sullivan? State? 18 ) . Mohr, Richard D. # 8220 ; The Stakes in the Gay Marriage Wars. # 8221 ; The Gay and Lesbian Review 2000: 22. # 8220 ; Should Gay Marriage be Legal? # 8221 ; U.S. News A ; World Report 3 June 1996: 31. Sullivan, Andrew. # 8220 ; Let Gays Marry. # 8221 ; Newsweek 3 June 1996: 26. # 8212 ; . # 8220 ; State of the Union # 8211 ; Why # 8220 ; Civil Union # 8221 ; Isn # 8217 ; t Marriage. # 8221 ; The New Republic 8 May 2000: 18.

being a teenage parent essays

being a teenage parent essays Raising a child isn't an easy thing to do. Raising a child while still in your teens is even harder. Raising a child, starting your career, finding yourself and getting an education are some of the hardest things most people will ever achieve in their lifetime. Can you begin to imagine going through all of these at the same time? Children need to be fed, bathed and cared for almost full time, do these people get the support they need? For many teenage girls, becoming pregnant can mean a withdrawal of support when it is most needed. Teenagers when they become pregnant can suffer from a lack of support from the school and schoolteachers, the general public and even friends and family. Many find themselves with ultimatum, have an abortion or move out. There is also the common stereotype that teenage parents are missing out on the best years of their lives. Many, while finding their experiences tough and challenging, have no regrets and are happy with where they are, in the long term. They still of course wish, that things could have been easier, so they could have enjoyed being a parent and having first born even more, maybe with a husband and without all the added stress. The social consequences are the last thing on a mothers mind. Teenage parents deal with a lot of stereotyping both from, including strangers and friends. Many people don't wish to acknowledge the fact that it only takes once to get pregnant, which may very well be the case for the pregnant teenager. Yet many people will look at her as lowly, assuming she got pregnant on purpose and had slept around often. Her parenting skills are doubted, even if she follows the most popular of the parenting experts. Relationships are also strained in almost all areas of a teenage parents life. In many cases the father leaves or is unwilling to accept responsibility in the first place and they are left to be a single, teenage parent. Council housing is rarely available and if...

History of House Music essays

History of House Music essays Like it or not, house was first and foremost a direct descendent of disco. House music which has been around now for about thirty years has changed the way people dance to music. House back when it was first introduced was not just a type of music but more like a way of life for people living in Chicago. Weekend after weekend people would flock to a place on the upper west side of Chicago called the Warehouse. At the Warehouse you could just let loose and let the house music take you away, because thats all that would be played their, house music. House now in our society is becoming more widespread due to the massive airplay it receives on radios as well as the music being used in certain commercials. House was first introduced right around the time that disco had started to slowly fade away. At this time in history most of the house tracks that were being produced were coming out of Chicago. This was due to the people in Chicago thinking that this type of music was going to be huge someday and them wanting to have something to do with it. According to Bill Brewster and Frank Broughton, In Chicago, as the seventies became eighties, if you were black and gay your church may well have been Frankie Knuckles Warehouse, a three story factory building in the citys desolate west side industrial zone. Frankie Knuckles has been described as one of the pioneers of house music. Frankie was the person responsible for the warehouse, where week in and week out kids would come here and pay four dollars to hear Frankie play this new type of music that people did not know much about. But for several years, house was a feeling, a rebellious musical taste, a way of declaring yourself in the know c laims Brewster and Broughton. The term house claims to have many origins within the house music scene. Chip E an early house producer says that the word house music was first starte ...

Operating Systems Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Operating Systems - Term Paper Example It is a situation where the processor works on multiple jobs at a once, that is, when one of the jobs is waiting for I/O, the processor can switch to other jobs. It enabled the machine to have a stream of continuous input, computation and output on one disk using disks which held larger buffers (Brinch, 2000). It uses the multiprogramming facility to work on multiple jobs which are interactive. The processor time is shared by the multiple users and this aims at reducing the time that is required for a problem to be solved. The system is accessed simultaneously by different users at the same time. It allowed programmers to address memory from logical point of view instead of it being run directly from the hardware (Brinch, 2000). It was first used in the personal computers. These days virtual memory software has been developed to serve the functions that were initially done by the operating system. It has the following features: Differential responsiveness; it enables different classes of job to be discriminated, and Fairness; this is where all processes are given fair and equal access to resources (Johnston, 2005). The operating system is in form of levels. The functions performed by the layers are related to each other. The lower level performs the most primitive work. This structured operating system breaks the problem into sub problems which are manageable (Johnston, 2005). 2. Virtual Memory: Since virtual memory allows programmers to address memory from logical points instead of being run directly from the hardware has led the programmers to come up with the processor which is an operating system that offers administrators to manage systems and or apply scheduling policies to systems. 3. System Structure: This operating system is divided in form of levels whose functions are interrelated. It has an advantage to carry out distinctive functions which are done

The relationship between entrepreneurial venture financing and the Term Paper

The relationship between entrepreneurial venture financing and the life cycle of a venture - Term Paper Example In the final stages i.e. at the maturity stage the businesses make use of more traditional sources like issue of additional equity or internally generated funds for financing the expansionary programs. Introduction The word ‘life cycle’ in the context of ventures is used in reference to the various stages of its evolution. The initial stages begin with the commencement of the new venture in the form of efforts and intentions of the nascent organization. This stage is accompanied by the procurement of requisite non-financial and financial resources. Here it is important to highlight that finance forms the ‘backbone’ of every venture. Even the most successful business plans may not eventually be carried out in the event of fund shortage. However, the level and form of financing required for each stage of the business is different. In the initial stages when the entrepreneur has just chalked out the plan for the initiation of the venture some amount of funds ar e required for assessing the viability and financial feasibility of the proposed venture. This is a part of the early stage financing required by the business. The fund that puts the business in operational mode is referred to as ‘start up capital’. The next stage of financing is for meeting the development or expansionary needs of the business (Parker, 2006, p.1). Problem Statement- The venture life cycle has an impact on the financing pattern of the business venture. In this paper it will be shown how the financing needs of the business is aligned with the various stages such that the entrepreneur can maximise the value of the business venture. Importance of paper- The paper shows that the various stages of business require varying sources of financing. While in the initial stages it may not be possible for a newly formed business to seek for outside equity or lending. In such instances the entrepreneur of the business has to arrange for funds from internal or known s ources like family or friends. Again after this the business reaches the development and the growth stage. During these stages the business can seek for external sources like equity capital or venture funds. At the same time it can tap the banks and financial institutions for loans and overdraft facilities. At the maturity stage the business may not have to rely on outside sources as the retained earnings generated over the years can be used for financing the future growth and expansionary plans of the business. This paper manly highlights the importance and the use of various avenues of funds at the various business stages. This can give an entrepreneur an idea as to how to meet the funding requirements or which sources to be tapped at each stage of the business. Hypotheses- This paper assumes that the sources of funds to be employed in the various stages of the business also vary as per the strength and longevity of each stage. Methodology The paper is based on the secondary sourc es of data. To highlight the various types of funding requireme

Lifeboat Ethics In Environmental Ethics Politics Essay

Lifeboat Ethics In Environmental Ethics Politics Essay Garrett Hardin is a professor of biology at the University of California, Santa Barbara wrote an essay Lifeboat Ethics a case against helping poor. It can be said an extension arguments from the idea by the environmentalist that use the metaphor of the Earth as a spaceship in trying to persuade countries, industries and people to stop wasting and polluting our natural resources. They claim that; Since we all share life on this planet, they argue, no single person or institution has the right to destroy, waste or use more than a fair share of its resources (Hardin, G. 1976). Hardin disagreed with the metaphor by the environmentalist, and try to attempts with a claim that the earth is more likely to be a lifeboat rather than spaceship. The point of the argument is regarding the ethical choice for policies for sharing our resources to help the poor. Mr. Hardin brings out a question on equality in distribution if we are a spaceship from the argument. It is not an easy mutual agreement. It needs a high-level of cooperation. Hardin`s said; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦does everyone on Earth have an equal right to an equal right to an equal share of its resources? The spaceship metaphor can be dangerous when used by misguided idealist to justify suicidal policies for sharing our resources through uncontrolled immigration and foreign aid (Hardin, G. 1976) Besides that, Hardin opposed the spaceship metaphor because; logically spaceship would need a captain for a safe maneuver and under control of the members on board, if wont possibly survive if the maneuver is decided by the committee. The reality of our world is that, we are separated entities or countries, which normally join together for mutual political, benefit, or own country benefit such as at international agreement of Montreal protocol whereby the developing country is given a multilateral fund. The United Nations is merely a toothless tiger, with little power to enforce any policy upon its bickering member (Hardin, G. 1976) Hardin`s Lifeboat Ethics directly divided the world into rich countries and poor countries. If we look, two third of them are desperately poor countries, and only one third is comparatively rich, with United States the wealthiest of all (Hardin, G. 1976). The lifeboat metaphor is used in attempts to explain the flow of the resources redistribution of one rich country in helping with the poor country with such policies. He represents the sea as the world; the lifeboat that full of livable resource as the rich country and the swimmers adrift in the sea as the poor countries. In the essay, Hardin`s lifeboat example that let say a 40 people in the lifeboat, and have room for another 10 people, making a total capacity of 50 people. Supposedly that all in the lifeboat can see another 50 swimmer in the sea, begging to have the other spots remaining in the lifeboat or for handouts of a resource. What should the people in the lifeboat do? Mr. Hardin attempts to argue that rich country should not let the poor country into the lifeboat nor to their land or offering an aid even in emergency situation. A man behave due to certain reasoning, and Hardin`s have it argument. He reasoned that if the rich nation allow the, they may use all the resource and cause the lifeboat to sink or the country to collapse, bringing disaster to the rich and poor. Quoting back what Hardin had said; We have several option: we may be tempted to try to live by the Christian ideal of being our brother`s keeper, or by the Marxist ideal of to each according to his needs. Since the needs of all in the water are the same, and since they can all be seen as our brother, we should take them all into our boat, making a total of 150 in a boat designed for 60. The boat swamps, everyone drawn. Complete justice, complete catastrophe. He stresses the concept of survival, with the limited carrying capacity of the lifeboat, the people inside the boat should admit just enough regarding the capacity. However, even if so, who should be the one? What is the basic in the selection and what about the rest of the swimmer? If talking about morality in principle, all human been have inherent value and they all should be selected. Nevertheless, the carrying capacity of the lifeboat plays major role. Hardin also suggest no to admit the place to the swimmer and keep their safety factor, the engineering principle of critical importance. Like this seen as the clear last means of survival, even it is morally wrong to many and some may feel burden by their good luck, Hardin made it a clear cut; Get out and yield your place to other (Hardin, G. 1976). Hardin believe that when a famine, war or other disastrous event occur which cost significant amount of life is just a way of nature work to balancing itself out. An article from Garre tt Hardin published in New York Times, 1987 explained further his stands. Since Ethiopia has far too many people for its resources, if you give food and save life and thus increase the number of people, you increase suffering and ultimately increase the loss of life New York Times, 1987 Many philosopher with Garrett Hardin`s idea, which does not fit into the morality belief of the society, human cannot let another human to die. Thus, create a conflict of morality and ethics obligation in community and own conscience. Even so, Lifeboat Ethics bringing upfront the ultimately questioning whether providing aid to the poor is actually harmful in the long run due to the fact that Earth cannot sustain everyone and their need or should there be any other ways of helping the poor; without sinking both countries. Hardin address the importance of knowing the limited carrying capacity. A nation`s land owned limited capacity to support its population (Hardin, G. 1976), it is the unspoken reality. Hardin enlarge the image from this basic lifeboat metaphor with the real world problems of overpopulation and hunger within which a solution need to be finding soon with the resource dwindling, the different between economy gap in rich and poor countries will only increase with addition to factor such as the different of reproduction rate as the sharing of resources would only be disastrous in a long run. In short it can be summarize that he argue that develop countries should not help countries with starvation people such as those India, by sending food only as this will just worsening the countries like India. He emphasizes that we can never merely do one thing, and that supplying only food worsen the political and economic conflict, agricultural dependency, over-population and environmental degradation (Hardin, G. 1976). Hardin emphasize that rather than sending Food supply only or the ill-founded World Food Bank, which he argue is just proposed and defend because of other special silent selfish interest behind the idea even it looks humanitarians appealing to public, a much better solution with the modern approach is the export of technology and advice. Mr. Hardin states that; An an ancient Chinese proverb goes; Give a man a fish and he will eat for a day; teach him how to fish and he will eat for the rest of his days. Hardins presentations of the argument against helping the poor nations to survive was based upon the assumptive validity of a) the lifeboat metaphor, b)the tragedy of the commons theory and c) theory of the relationship between reproduction and availability of food in human population (Drake, R.S. 2000) . Mr. Hardin supports the lifeboats ethics from a special application of the logic of the commons (May, L., Wong, K. Delston, J. 1987) . In my opinion, I disagree with Garrett Hardin lifeboat metaphor application in the case of helping the poor countries, as food supply and foreign aid is a conscience of the rich country to help the poor countries. Regarding the selfish silent act and in term of the aid distribution as Hardin`s did argue in his essay, there is always a room to improve. To my clear thought, it is sort of how the world supposed to be, you help the unfortunate, and how you do it is the art in science so that it benefits the poor countries but did not worsen the rich countries. On the other note, Mr. Hardin`s lifeboat Ethics argument such as carrying capacity can be perceive in Environmental Ethical. Carrying capacity as Ethical concept can be influence such in the nature resource consumption and nature stock management and policies in a country or should I say in a lifeboat. Firstly, if I may represent the lifeboat to symbolize a country nature resources and the swimmer outside is the population or the consumer. Looking back at the history, since the industrial revolution in the 70`s, the concern of human activities impacts on environment. I wrote in a reality perspective, even though that most of the scattering developing countries lifeboat on the sea is blessed with nature resource but they are being accused as the dirty-hand for the crucial worldwide environment problem; such as climate change. This is because of the over-exploitation of forest for their economic growth. However, in my opinion, United States that refuses to sign the Kyoto Protocol is a major contributor for the Green-House Gasses. Economic driven factor is one of the reason, that many of this rich natural resources is lifeboat is sharing or selling their nature resource to the swimmer itself or to the neighboring common user that leads to over-consumption. Therefore, indeed the idea o f carrying capacity is necessary. Over the last century, countries around the globe fuelled their economic growth using their abundance in natural resources. Indeed, we mind our way to growth and development at a pace where natural regeneration was not possible.( Vickneswaran, N. 2011). In short, we burn our way to prosperity; not a ethical thing to do as there is no thought was put on the consequences of over consumption. Moreover, some of the developing countries having problem with food supply and starvation as well, thus government is in pressure to increase Growth Domestic Product as their priorities is to eradicate poverty and to raise the living standards of their people (Mackinnon, B. 1937). That perhaps sometime, idea of the limited carrying capacity is left behind. It cannot be secluded that literacy level and technological advances between the poor and rich country might be a contributor as well. Even the government, the agencies and the private sector acknowledges it, wi th the economy conflict faced by the population; it will be hard to control the exploitation rate by the people. To create an awareness regarding the importance of environmental protection or effect of pollution, a good practice control implemented to the developing countries population is profoundly will be much easier as the develop countries because the hardship and means of survival between population in India and population in Australia is significantly different. The society level of not equal; it is something that needs evaluating thoroughly in making any policy decision, thus trying to find a suit solution. Let it be in the international agreement or national agreement as the build-up of the society in the rich and the poor countries is individually. Talking regarding carrying capacity and consumptions of natural resources in a country, population size is also major concern. This is one of the arguments from Mr. Hardin in his Lifeboat Ethics. There seem to be direct relation between human population and resources consumption, as states by Thomas Malthus in his essay, An Essay on the Principles of population. Malthus argue, as our selection makes clear, that under certain condition the increase in human population would increase exponentially, whereas the increase in food supply was likely to be only arithmetic leading to tragedy in term of famine and premature ( VanDeVeer, D. Pierce, C. 2003) .VanDeVeer wrote in his book The Environmental Ethics and Policy Book, that Malthus idea today is being criticized from both the political left and political right. The left claim it support the genocidal programs to deal with overpopulation, while the right claim is just being a technological pessimists and to underestimate the capacity of the planet to support larger population of human. (VanDeVeer, D. Pierce, C. 2003) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦on the matter of what the facts are, over the long run Malthus was basically right. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Further a morally defensible view of the nonhuman environment tends to support Malthusian concern about the overall rapid increase in the size of the human population ( VanDeVeer, D. Pierce, C. 2003 ) The problem of population growth in many developing countries is more likely to be worsening looking at the current reproduction rate. However, the issue of human rights for reproduction is morally sensitive especially to country like India with strong cultural influence. Even with a international negotiation session in the Earth Summit, the expression of population control had always been seen as antagonistic view by women`s group and Feminist Health group as they believe it jeopardize women`s health, is disguised genocide, or places blame on women (Jessica, M. 1990). It can be said to be a dead end there. Moreover reproduction or the population control policies is sovereign to a country. Different alternative corrective measurement need to be to addresses. That is another point by Hardin`s argument that can be perceive, which is the modern approach should be technology transfer and advice. One of the initiator towards this is during the Earth Summit, where the political leaders of developing countries and develop countries gather to discuss regarding the climate change and the step towards sustainability. There might be no captain in the spaceship metaphor that Mr. Hardin rejected, but every leader in the world is moving towards it, the inter-governmental cooperation. In Montreal Protocol, the signatory countries will be given a technology transfer as well multilaterals fund only for developing country. This will increase the benefit to those countries. In the 1970`s, the discovering of two scientists regarding a hole in the ozone layer in one part of our atmosphere become the wake-up call to all to stop the current natural resources overexploitation and environmental pollution as the problem inter-linked. The ozone hole resulting in g lobal warning and the pollution and environmental deteriorating is hastening the effect. Recently the world have experience the diverse effect of climate change, like never before in the history. Maybe previously, the developed countries are neglecting the fact on over-consumption, as the resource is mostly provided by developing countries. However, the impact is now felt world-wide and these countries must take the lion`s share of responsibility to reverse the tide of this environmental destruction and resource depletion. The modern approach will give better result in environmental issues, as it will increase the benefit and increase the cost that the country would have to bare due to deteriorating environment in a long run, similar to the utilitarian form of reasoning. Technological advances will also divert the world dependency on natural resource and can act as the substitutions resources to the non-renewable resource such as fossil fuel which will be more sustainable. By year, the world community is more and more verse in the issues of environment, natural resource, economic and human environment impact. We shifted from do not know, to know and now we know better. Hunger and starvation is not always, and may not even usually be, a by-product of a lack of a lack of food on the planet but it is often a skewed distribution of food and the radically unequal distribution of wealth or income that makes those who are hungry unable to call forth a response from a market ready to supply those who are willing and able to pay for the food (VanDeVeer, D. Pierce, C. 2003). The rich countries which normally monopolize the trade market, is also utilizing the benefit from the nature resource product of developing countries indirectly with the unequal distribution of wealth, because of our market system. Accelerated by the ever rising demand of raw material from the develop countries and the race to increase economy growth, consumption of the natural resources by most developing country is feared to be reaching it tipping point. Realizing the problem, some philosopher attempts in arguments with economic reasoning to what proper policies would be and importantly the grounds for deciding the market system for goods and service provide by the environment and natural resources. Because many environmental issues involve diverse values and competing interests and claim, an argument using technique known as cost-benefit analysis is useful in thinking what is the best ought to do to increase benefit and decrease the cost with keeping in mind regarding the carrying capacity concept (Mackinnon, B. 1937). Example if we have a choice between two, like government or businessman who have to choose on various actions and policies, we have to assess and compare various harms and cost and benefit to choose the better policy. In such analysis, assessment of the factual matters and the establishment of value for the good and service provided by the natural re source and environment are important. Nevertheless ,the problem of Tragedy of Commons also need to be tackle in doing the evaluation for a more effective result. In environmental ethics, it is ought to be moral thing to preserve the environment because it have instrumental value to human; taking an anthropocentric instrumentalist point of view. No-one would deny that the economy uses environmental assets. It provides countless type of raw material, such as minerals, timber and freshwater that is combined with other form of capital to produce commodities for human consumption. Therefore the preservation of the environment which also rooted from understanding carrying capacity is important not only for the current generation but as well to the generation after us. To me, one part of environmental ethics has to always taking into consideration of the next generation. How today actions and decision will effect to the next generation? Will it increase the net utility or vice versa? Garrett Hardin Lifeboat ethics argue, that by sending the food, we nurture the population growth more thus will just increase pollution and hastening the environmental destruction for the next generation, with the same point but in relations to the carrying capacity ethical concept, the generational equality should be the reasoning for the present gen eration to stop and think for a while. Some argue, why we should think of the next generation as what did we benefited from them? But not all duties are mutual exchange to the benefit that we gain, example in parental duties toward children from whom parents may never benefit. It is worth noting a distinction made by one philosopher, Marry Anne Warren in Do potential people have right? between merely possible people who might exist and those who will exist; call the latter future people. Therefore it is owned duties to the next generation as it is not fair for the prior generation to virtually exhaust most of the planet`s resources and sinks and leave the present generation with crumbs. The moral thing ought to do is using them in a sustainable manner. This is where the term, sustainability and sustainable development kicks in. Development which is much fuelled by the natural resources is closely interlinked and capable of moving forward. Gus Speth, president of World Resource Insti tute write; It is clear that development and economic reforms will have no lasting success unless they are suffused with concern for ecological stability and wise management of resources (Speth, J.G. 1981). In the fight for resource security, sustainable development is the new buzzword. Sustainable Development as defined by The Bruntland Commission as that the meets the needs of the present without comprising the ability of the future generation to meets their own. Sustainability is basically the capacity to endure and all progress can be sustainable, if we can understand the state we are in at present, the direction that we should move and how we will know when we have arrived. It is a mission to achieve environment equilibrium with society and economy perspective. In the roads towards that, it is the new level of global co-operation. Nevertheless the first step to know the country present state, a natural accounting system is advisable. In the conventional economy accounting system, which is divided into income account and asset account is considered to be less effective since it did not captured the interaction between economic activity and environment. Let put Earth in a balance sheet, accounting provide economic information that concern the governments, busines s or households to measure performance and making decisions. The most important indicator is Gross- Domestic Product (GDP), which only measure transactions with market price and the asset income for the capital stock. Some of the environmental goods and service did have a market price such as timber; however the most of it did not have a market-price. In order to correct and put valued to the environmental goods and value such as amenity methods such willingness-to-pay by the user is used by economist. Thus with a value, over-consumption can be controlled. Accounting did not include the status and value of natural capital stock.. The value of capital goods, such as building and equipment will decline with the use because of physical wear. This gradual decrease in the future production potential of capital stocks is directly integrated into national flow accounts by a depreciated allowance that amortize the asset`s value over its useful lifetime (Repetto, R. 1992). Simply put it will give country heads-up regarding the depreciate stock in a capital goods, and need to invest for the new capital goods as the existing assets decrease if the future income-producing ability of the entire capital stock in the country to be preserved (Mohd.Shahwahid Hj.Othman et.al, 2002). However, there is no heads-up in term of the decrease natural resource stock and economic assets. Natural Accounting System is established as a supplement the national income accounts. Compiling the environmental statistic will help to guide the decision maker to consider the impact of any policies and or project on the natural stocks of natural resource to make it a livable country for the present generation and future generation so that we did not over our carrying capacity and the resource is exploited and manage in a system of sustainable management so that the environment is given time to re-balance. The end road seem to be rather glorious, with achieving a working system of sustainable development and efficient natural resources management together, however it will meet lots of up`s and down`s , failure and success as well reconciling here and there ,as this is a condition that no man-kind have faced before. As highlighted by UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ to make it happen, we have to be prepared to make major changes in our lifestyles, our economic models, our social organization and our political life IMPAK 2011

The Changing Role of Women in Automobile Advertisements Essay -- Compa

Side-by-side are two advertisements, each showing a picture of a car and two family members. The ads demonstrate the amount of power allotted to women in the times they were made. The differences in these ads far outweigh the similarities. The ad Ââ€"from a 1954 Good Housekeeping Ââ€"shows a woman being reprimanded by her husband for wrecking their car. The otherÂâ€"from a 2003 RedbookÂâ€"shows a wife and mother holding her daughter with one hand and an umbrella with the other. One woman is ignorant, irresponsible, incapable, and not in control; the other is competent, responsible, and in control. The evolution of advertising reflects the changes that have taken place in the way American society views women. The ads use body image, body language, and text to encapsulate the stereotypical women of each era; in the 50's, women needed to be controlled, but now women can be in control. The 1954 ad portrays the ideal woman of that era. This ideal was incredibly unrealistic. She has a tiny waist but large birthing hips. Her feet are small and she's wearing super-high heels. Her hands are petite and feminine, yet she's not holding anythingÂâ€"her purse has fallen to the ground. But, not a hair is out of place, and the elegant skirt and top she is wearing look unharmed, putting even more emphasis on the fact that the man is "wearing the pants." The 1950's society viewed women as incompetent. They needed their husbands to be in control because they could not fend for themselves; when they tried, they "crumpled fenders." Still, the woman in the ad is the ideal womanÂâ€"Barbie. She is only good for looking pretty and having children, otherwise, she can't do anything right. No wonder she is not able to drive the car without wreckingÂâ€"that in... ...rn society sees women as real people with intellect. Instead of not being allowed or perceived as capable of controlling their own lives and situation, today's women are expected to control their own lives without interference or constant dependence on others, or more specifically, their husbands. These advertisements demonstrate just what a drastic change has taken place in the last fifty years. Even though both ads are about cars, the body image, body language, and text portray a striking difference in the view of women. Maybe this change was brought about by the Women's Liberation Movement, maybe such subjugation just cannot last forever. But whatever the cause, the change has definitely taken place. Works Cited "Dodge Caravan." Advertisement. Redbook June 2003: 75. "Safety Power Steering by Saginaw." Advertisement. Good Houskeeping Feb. 1954: 40.

Elective Banking Management Part

Explain the factors the branch manager has to take into account at the time of preparation of the budget. 4. Write an essay on Globalization in the Banking Industry. 5. Examine the economic functions of banks. 6. Explain Fractional-reserve banking. 25 x 4=100 marks Answers 2. Explain performance budgeting exercise as a tool for deposit manipulation. Performance budgeting can be defined as budgeting for the performance of an individual or an organization.In the context of an organization what is required is to set some broad objectives for the organization at the top management level and motivate the employees in such a manner that they also feel like setting some individual goals, which are nevertheless complementary to the goals for the organization. Performance budgeting exercise is elucidated in the below steps: 1. Defining the Commanding Area: The concept of command areas is a highly dynamic one, having relevance only to a particular budget year.This means that the command areas of branch need not be the same for all years on the other hand, it should be changed as and when the branch has tapped the full potential of the area. Again there is another wrong concept about the command areas that it should be geographically contiguous areas around the branch. Actually the command areas of a branch should be the possible main areas, which the ranch can effectively serve during the particular years, as felt by the branch manager and the staff.Thus branch can have as its command area, a whole village, as war, as street of a town, a big building housing several offices, etc. Of course this does not mean business from other areas is not welcome but only that our main thrust will in this area. 2. Environmental Scanning and Market Segmentation: Environmental scanning really means scanning the branch environment, both inside and outside. Often we tend to ignore the internal factors as we understand it today, this involves identification of the market and its attention, the evaluation and selection of this market after it is segmented.But let us try to look at it from a different angel. A. The Internal Factors: There are three important factors to be considered under this head they are: Employees of the branch – human resources Non human resource – infrastructure Top management – the controlling offices It is a fact the branch management can realize its goals only through the active co-operation of the staff working in the branch and the administrative offices. There a fair knowledge of the nature of staffs their aspirations and robbers will help branch manager to take them along with his as team to achieve the goals.Naturally, he should interact with them as frequently as possible. The manager should also try to create good rapport with higher authorities. For this is should properly communicate with them regarding this action plan and feed them with sufficient data at the appropriate time. He must work in close liaison with t hem so that he can strengthen his hand and try to avoid origination conflicts and help himself to take quick and sound decisions consistent with the policies of the bank. Then comes the assessment of the infrastructural facilities available in the branch.The goals set for the branch should be possible to be achieved with the available infrastructure thus we can very well see that non achievement of budgetary goals cannot be ascribes to staff shortage, if the spirit of the performance budget is properly understood. B. The External Factors: Four important factors under this head National plan objectives and government policies Aspirations and expectations in the command area Customer satisfaction Handling competition from rivals The national plan objectives are normally given in the policy guidelines book published by the central office, planning department.These should be through at length. The prime function of bank is to accept deposits from those with surplus money and lend it to those who need it for productive investment. This necessitates the identification of pockets of potential deposit on the one hand and identification of person who need advance for productive purposes, on the other. Collection of these data is very important and it has to be done methodically. These data can be used to: 1. Segment the market according to various parameters. 2. Prepare bankable schemes for various segments and .It is better that these data are collected and kept updated frequently. Regarding customer satisfaction, we have to ensure that the primary motto in formulating any scheme is the satisfaction of the customer. We have to worry about the competition from other financial institution and fellow bankers. For this we have to know the terms, nature and cost of services rendered by our competition and also their marketing strategies. Apart from all these, the branch manager should try to: Develop personal inclination to take safe risks.Create a climate of confidence an d trust within the branch Establish personal rapport with the higher authorities and Take quick an sound decisions 3. Studying the past trend in business growth: A study of the past trend in the business growth of the branch helps the manger to take as stock of the inherent strength and weakness of the branch, the staff members and its location, etc. This must be done to mark the budget realistic. There is no point in setting a budget, which IS very ambitious for a branch with limited resources. . Preparation of Tentative Budget: After doing all the above exercise, the branch manager should attempt to rooter the incremental growth in business for the next year. It is at this stage that he should seek the reviews of all his staff members in agreement and frank atmosphere. Preferably a meeting of all the staff members should be called in which he can present all the details. It should then be left to the group to decide how much should be the incremental growth in business for their b ranch.In such a meeting, the leadership qualities of the manger should be made use of, so as to elicit the view of each and every staff member. Apart from this the manager should patiently listen to the view so everybody. It all the certain views and suggestions are not acceptable to the group, the members should be convinced of the reason why they are not acceptable. Once sufficient deliberations have been gone through in the meeting a consensus decision in regard to the incremental growth in the business in each sector like deposits, advances, profit etc. Ill be taken. There is important advantage in formulating the budget in this way. Because the goals have been set jointly, every member for the staff will be totally committed to the goals and will be striving hard to achieve them. As a result, he budge of the branch will not be treated as the branch managers budget but will recognized as a branch budget. 5. Participating in the Budget Meeting of the Region: The branch manager pr esent this draft budget to eh regional manager in the budget meeting convened by the latter for the entire region.In this meeting, the regional manager present the macro level scenario of the region and invites suggestion and views of the individual branch manages regarding their contribution to the achievement of the incremental business growth for the regions for the next year. The draft budgets brought by the individual branch angers are the discussed and the total business for the entire regions is arrived at. The figures furnished by the individual branches are not simply accepted by the regional manager. The branch managers will have to us passionate their projected business figures to the satisfaction of the regional manager. . The Final Budget Meeting at the Branch: After the regional manager has finalize the regional budgets in the above meeting, the branch manager has to convene another staff meeting in his own branch to inform the staff member s about the details of the f inal budget room the draft budget, the branch manager should explain the position to all the staff members to their satisfaction. In this way all the staff members are very well aware of the task. In this meeting some notion plans can also be chalked out. 7.Review Meeting at Branch Level and Regional Level: Once the budget year starts, the real action begins. Success of any planned project depends on large extent on the periodic review of the progress made. The entire yearly budget can be divided into quarterly or half yearly budgets. In the review meetings half of the regional level, the performance of each ranch will be reviewed visit–visit the targets; For making the regional review meetings more meaningful, it is advisable to attempt such review meetings at the individual branches by conducting staff meetings.This should be preferably done before the regional review meetings so that the branch manager is ready with all the necessary details when comes for the regional mee ting specifically in regard to the reasons for variances, if any from the budgetary goals. 3. Explain the factors the branch manager has to take into account at the time of preparation of the budget. At the time of preparation of the budge, the branch manager has to take into account the following four factors: 1.Bank's corporate goals 2. Rib's ground rules 3. Government of Indian's Directives 4. Expectations of the people in the command area 1. Bank's corporate goals The corporate goal of the bank, as decided by the top management, forms the basis of the performance budget. As such it is necessary that these are clearly spelt out and advised to the branches well in time. In some banks these are given in the booklet, â€Å"Policy Guidelines†, brought Out by the central office every year.This provides the branches the broad guidelines, covering the economic scenario for the country and the bank's expectations of the incremental growth in the business during the coming year. 2. Rib's Ground Rules There are certain ground rules prescribed by the RIB, which should govern all the activities of the bank. They are summarized below: a. No bank shall pay interest on current account. B. No bank shall pay countervailing interest on any current accounts maintained with it by its borrowers. C.No bank shall discriminate in the matter of rate of interest paid on deposits, between one deposit and another, accepted on the same date and the same maturity, whether such deposits are accepted at the same office or at the different offices of the bank. D. No bank shall pay brokerage on deposits in any form to any individual, firm, company, association, institution or any other person, except I) Commission paid to agents, employed to collect door to door deposits under special schemes ii) Inexpensive gifts costing not more than the amount prescribed by the RIB in this regard from time to time. Ii) Incentive granted to staff members as approved by RIB from time to time. E. No bank shall violate the other instructions issued by RIB from time to time, on payment of interest and related aspects in accepting of deposits and granting advances. 3. Government of India Directives The government of India issues directives from time to time to banks in the matter Of providing credit to the priority sector and other specified groups, and implementation for various poverty alleviation programs.These are kept in mind at the time of drawing the credit plan for the ensuring year. 4. Expectation of People of the Command Area Over all above all these, the branch manager at the time of drawing up the actual budget has to take into account the expectation of the people inhabiting the command area in regard to their credit needs and also other types of services, especially now that we are going to adopt the set-vice areas approach in all our activities.Answer: Fractional-reserve banking is the practice whereby a bank holds reserves (to satisfy demands for withdrawals) that are less than the amount of its customers' deposits. Reserves are held at the bank as currency, or as deposits in the bank's accounts at the central bank. Because bank deposits are usually considered money in their own right, fractional-reserve banking permits the none supply to grow beyond the amount of the underlying reserves of base money originally created by the central bank Fractional-reserve banking is the current form of banking practiced in most countries worldwide.Fractional reserve banking has been said to violate Islamic principles of ownership. Working of Fractional Reserve Banking In most legal systems, a bank deposit is not a bailsmen. In other words, the funds deposited are no longer the property of the customer. The funds become the property of the bank, and the customer in turn receives an asset called a deposit account (a checking or savings account). That deposit account is a liability on the balance sheet of the bank.Each bank is legally authorized to issue cred it up to a specified multiple of its reserves, so reserves available to satisfy payment of deposit liabilities are less than the total amount which the bank is obligated to pay in satisfaction of demand deposits. Fractional-reserve banking ordinarily functions smoothly. Relatively few depositors demand payment at any given time, and banks maintain a buffer of reserves to cover depositors' cash withdrawals and other demands for funds.However, during a bank run or a generalized financial crisis, demands or withdrawal can exceed the bank's funding buffer, and the bank will be forced to raise additional reserves to avoid defaulting on its obligations. A bank can raise funds from additional borrowings (e. G. , by borrowing in the interbrain lending market or from the central bank), by selling assets, or by calling in short-term loans. If creditors are afraid that the bank is running out of reserves or is insolvent, they have an incentive to redeem their deposits as soon as possible befor e other depositors access the remaining reserves.Thus the fear of a bank run can actually precipitate the crisis. Many of the practices of contemporary bank regulation and central banking, including centralized clearing of payments, central bank lending to member banks, regulatory auditing, and government-administered deposit insurance, are designed to prevent the occurrence of such bank runs. Economic Function of Fractional Reserve Banking: Fractional-reserve banking allows banks to create credit in the form of bank deposits, which represent immediate liquidity to depositors.The banks also provide longer-term loans to borrowers, and act as financial intermediaries for those funds. Less liquid forms of deposit (such as time deposits) or riskier lasses of financial assets (such as equities or long-term bonds) may lock up a depositor's wealth for a period of time, making it unavailable for use on demand. This â€Å"borrowing short, lending long,† or maturity transformation func tion of fractional-reserve banking is a role that many economists consider to be an important function of the banking system.Additionally, according to macroeconomic theory, a well-regulated fractional-reserve bank System also benefits the economy by providing regulators with powerful tools for influencing the money supply and interest rates. Many economists believe hat these should be adjusted by the government to promote macroeconomic stability. The process of fractional-reserve banking expands the money supply of the economy but also increases the risk that a bank cannot meet its depositor withdrawals. Modern central banking allows banks to practice fractional-reserve banking with inter-bank business transactions with a reduced risk of bankruptcy.Money Creation Process There are two types of money in a fractional-reserve banking system operating with a central bank: Central Bank Money: money created or adopted by the central bank regardless Of its form -? precious metals, moodily certificates, banknotes, coins, electronic money loaned to banks, or anything else the central bank chooses as its form of money Commercial Bank Money: demand deposits in the banking system; sometimes referred to as â€Å"checkbook money† When a deposit of central bank money is made at a bank, the central bank money is removed from circulation and added to the commercial banks' reserves (it is no longer counted as part of MI money supply). Simultaneously, an equal amount of new commercial bank money is created in the form of bank deposits. When a loan is made by the commercial ann. (which keeps only a fraction of the central bank money as reserves), using the central bank money from the commercial bank's reserves, the ml money supply expands by the size of the loan. This process is called â€Å"deposit multiplication†.Regulatory Requirements: Government controls and bank regulations related to fractional-reserve banking have generally been used to impose restrictive r equirements on note issue and deposit taking on the one hand, and to provide relief from bankruptcy and creditor claims, and/or protect creditors with government funds, when banks defaulted on the other hand. Such measures have included for examples such as: Minimum required reserve ratios (Errs) Minimum capital ratios Government bond deposit requirements for note issue 100% Marginal Reserve requirements for note issue and Sanction on bank defaults and protection from creditors for many months or even years The Banking Sector has for centuries now formed one of the pillars of economic prosperity. Indeed history provides us with some starting information regarding how banks provided finance for imperialist ventures in newly acquired colonies.Over time banks have formed an important part in providing an avenue for both savings and investments. Land, Labor, capital and entrepreneurs are the basic economic resources available to business. However, to make the use of these resources, a b usiness requires finance to purchase of the land, hire labor, pay for capital goods and pay for individuals with specialized skills. Detail role of functions of banks in economic development is given below: Trade Development The banks provide capital, technical assistance and other facilities to businessmen according to their need, which leads to development in trade. Agriculture Development Banks finance the most important sector Of the developing economics I. Agriculture, short, medium and long-term loans are provided for the purchase of seeds and fertilizer, installation of tube wells, construction of warehouses, purchase of tractor and thresher etc. Industrial Development The countries, which concentrated on industrial sector made rapid economic development. South Korea, Malaysia, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Indonesia have recently developed their industrial sector with the help of banks. Capital Formation Banks help in increasing the rate of capital formation in a country. Capital fo rmation means increase in number of production units, technology, plant ND machinery. They finance the projects responsible for increasing the rate of capital formation. Development of Foreign Trade Banks help the traders of two different countries to undertake business.Letter Of credit is issued by the importer's bank to the exporters to ensure the payment. The banks also arrange foreign exchange. Transfer of Money Banks provide the facility of transferring funds from one place to another which leads to the growth of trade. More Production A good banking system ensures more production in all sectors of the economy. It increases the prod auction capabilities of the economy by threatening capital structure and division of labor Development of Transport The banks financed the transport sector. It has reduced unemployment on one hand and increased the transport facility on the other hand. Remote areas are linked to main markets through developed transport system.Safe Custody The busine ss concerns and individuals can make themselves tension free by depositing their surplus money in banks. The banks also provide them the facility of lockers to keep their precious articles and necessary documents safe. Increase in Saving Banks persuade the people to save more. Different saving schemes with attractive interest rates are introduced for this purpose. Number of bank branches is opened in urban and rural areas. Construction of Houses Banks provide credit facilities to their customers for the purchase or construction of houses. Assistance to Government By providing funds to government for development programs, the banks share the government for economic stability.

Teenage Suicide A Challenging Period Of Life - 3083 Words

Adolescence is a challenging period of life, when individuals undergo major physical and psychological changes between the ages of 10 and 19. This period is accompanied by many needs, all of which contribute to increased risk-taking in youth, such as suicidal behaviors. Suicide is the third leading cause of death for youth between the ages of 10 and 24 in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2014). Among this same age group, suicide accounts for 20% of all deaths annually. In a 2011 nationally representative sample of high school students, 15.8% of students reported that they had seriously considered attempting suicide during the last year, 12.8% reported that they made a plan about how they would attempt suicide, 7.8% reported that they had attempted suicide at least once, and 2.4% of students reported that they made a suicide attempt that required medical attention (CDC, 2012a). For every completed suicide among youth between the ages of 15 and 24, t here are about 100-200 suicide attempts (Goldsmith et al., 2002). Suicide among adolescents also contributes to social and economic burden through a loss of productivity. Specifically, Yang and Lester (2007) estimated the costs of each youth between the ages of 15 and 24 who completed suicide as $1,022,950 from lost lifetime earnings in 2005. The CDC (2012b) Cost of Injury Module indicates that, in 2005, death by suicide for youth ages 10-19 resulted in approximately $8,482,000 in medical costsShow MoreRelatedDepression Is The First Leading Cause Of Suicide1496 Words   |  6 PagesToday in America, depression is the first leading cause of suicide. Reported in recent statistics, every year, thousands of people succeed in taking their lives and even more have attempted suicide at some point (Hyde and Held 8). 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